Kidney disease associated with androgenic-anabolic steroids and vitamin supplements abuse: Be aware!
Nefrologia (Engl Ed). 2020 Jan-Feb;40(1):26-31.
doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.06.003.
Epub 2019 Oct 1.
[Article in
English,
Spanish]
Affiliations
- 1 Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
- 2 Public Health Post-Graduation Program, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
- 3 Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
- 4 Medical Sciences Post-Graduation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address: ef.daher@uol.com.br.
Abstract
The excessive chase for beauty standards and the rise of muscle dysmorphia have ultimately led to an increase in androgenic-anabolic steroids (AAS) and intramuscular injections of vitamins A, D and E (ADE) abuse, which is associated with several adverse effects and has become a public health issue. This review of literature discusses kidney injury associated with the use of AAS and ADE, highlighting the mechanisms of acute and chronic renal lesion, such as direct renal toxicity, glomerular hyperfiltration and hypercalcemia. Future perspectives regarding evaluation and early diagnosis of kidney injury in these patients are also discussed.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injury; Androgenic–anabolic steroids; Chronic kidney disease; Enfermedad renal crónica; Esteroides androgénicos-anabólicos; Hipercalcemia; Hypercalcemia; Lesión renal aguda; Suplementos vitamínicos; Vitamin D; Vitamin supplements; Vitamina D.
Copyright © 2019 Sociedad Española de Nefrología. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Acute Kidney Injury / chemically induced
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Anabolic Agents / adverse effects*
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Androgens / adverse effects*
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Humans
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Hypercalcemia / chemically induced
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Hypercalcemia / complications
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Kidney / drug effects
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Kidney Diseases / chemically induced*
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Testosterone Congeners / adverse effects*
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Vitamin A / adverse effects
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Vitamin D / adverse effects
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Vitamin E / adverse effects
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Vitamins / adverse effects*
Substances
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Anabolic Agents
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Androgens
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Testosterone Congeners
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Vitamins
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Vitamin A
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Vitamin D
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Vitamin E