Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Patients with the signs and symptoms of acute tonsillopharyngitis were treated with cefuroxime axetil, an orally administered, beta-lactamase stable cephalosporin, or penicillin V for ten days. Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection was confirmed bacteriologically in 115 patients. Patients aged 13 to 18 years received 250 mg of cefuroxime or 500 mg of penicillin V twice daily. Bacteriologic cure was found in 33 (94%) of 35 patients treated with the cefuroxime and in 12 (67%) of 18 treated with penicillin (P less than 0.05). Patients aged 4 to 12 years who received 125 mg of cefuroxime axetil twice daily also experienced a greater rate of bacteriologic cure than patients who received 250 mg of penicillin V three times daily, but the difference was not statistically significant. Cefuroxime axetil is at least as effective as penicillin V in the management of streptococcal pharyngitis and may be more effective in preventing the carrier state.