Proteomic analysis of saliva from partially and fully engorged adult female Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Exp Appl Acarol. 2019 Jul;78(3):443-460. doi: 10.1007/s10493-019-00390-4. Epub 2019 Jun 7.

Abstract

Rhipicephalus microplus salivary gland secretes a number of complex bioactive proteins during feeding. These components are important in feeding and affect anti-coagulation, anti-inflammation and also have anti-microbial effects. In this study, tick saliva was collected from partially engorged female (PEF) and fully engorged female (FEF) ticks. Liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) were used to identify and quantify R. microplus salivary proteins. A total of 322 unique peptides were detected and 151 proteins were characterized in both PEF and FEF. Of these, 41 proteins are considered as high-confidence proteins. Fifteen high-confidence proteins were upregulated and six high-confidence proteins were downregulated (p < 0.05; PEF:FEF ratio ≥ 1.2 or PEF:FEF ratio ≤ 0.83); 17 high-confidence proteins are slightly changed (PEF:FEF ratio > 0.83 and < 1.2). These high-confidence proteins are involved in several physiological roles, including egg development, transportation of proteins, immunity and anti-microorganism, anti-coagulant, and adhesion. In comparison with PEF, the number of upregulated proteins exceeded the number of proteins downregulated. Salivary protein may be induced by the blood-meal and these proteins contribute to successful feeding.

Keywords: Proteome; Rhipicephalus microplus; Salivary proteins; iTRAQ.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arthropod Proteins / analysis*
  • Feeding Behavior
  • Female
  • Host-Parasite Interactions
  • Proteome / analysis*
  • Rhipicephalus / genetics*
  • Rhipicephalus / physiology
  • Saliva / chemistry*
  • Salivary Glands / metabolism
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides / analysis

Substances

  • Arthropod Proteins
  • Proteome
  • Salivary Proteins and Peptides