A Game-Based School Program for Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Regarding Depression (Moving Stories): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

Anouk Tuijnman; Marloes Kleinjan; Evert Hoogendoorn; Isabela Granic; Rutger Cme Engels

doi:10.2196/11255

A Game-Based School Program for Mental Health Literacy and Stigma Regarding Depression (Moving Stories): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Mar 14;8(3):e11255. doi: 10.2196/11255.

Authors

Anouk Tuijnman^{1

2}, Marloes Kleinjan^{2

3}, Evert Hoogendoorn⁴, Isabela Granic¹, Rutger Cme Engels⁵

Affiliations

¹ Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
² Trimbos Institute, Utrecht, Netherlands.
³ Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
⁴ IJsfontein, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
⁵ Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

PMID: 30869652
PMCID: PMC6437615
DOI: 10.2196/11255

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms among youth in most western societies is high. Yet, most adolescents who are experiencing depressive symptoms do not seek help. Low mental health literacy, high stigma, and low social support have been shown to hinder help-seeking. A small number of interventions has been developed to target mental health literacy and stigma, but few focus on actual help-seeking and first aid behavior. We have developed a game-based school program called Moving Stories that targets mental health literacy, including knowledge and behavior, and stigma among adolescents, in regard to depression specifically.

Objective: Our aim is to describe the protocol for a study that will test the effectiveness of the program Moving Stories in a Dutch adolescent sample. We hypothesize that adolescents who participate in the program Moving Stories will have better mental health literacy and less stigma regarding depression compared to adolescents in the nonintervention control group at posttest and at 3- and 6-months follow-up. We also expect a positive change in actual help-seeking and first aid behavior at 3- and 6-months follow-up.

Methods: Moving Stories has been developed by a professional game design company in collaboration with researchers and relevant stakeholders. The effectiveness of Moving Stories will be tested through a randomized controlled trial with two conditions: Moving Stories versus control. Participants will fill in questionnaires at pretest, posttest, and 3- and 6-months follow-up. Our power analysis showed a required sample size of 180 adolescents.

Results: Four high schools have agreed to participate with a total of 10 classes. A total of 185 adolescents filled in the pretest questionnaire. The last of the follow-up data was collected in December 2018.

Conclusions: If Moving Stories proves to be effective, it could be implemented as a school-based program to target mental health literacy and stigma regarding depression; this could, in turn, improve early help-seeking in adolescents suffering from depression.

Trial registration: Nederlands Trial Register NTR7033; https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/6855.

International registered report identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/11255.

Keywords: adolescence; depression; health literacy; help-seeking behavior; helping behavior; secondary schools; stigma; video games.

©Anouk Tuijnman, Marloes Kleinjan, Evert Hoogendoorn, Isabela Granic, Rutger CME Engels. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 14.03.2019.