Awake double valve surgery without general anesthesia

J Clin Anesth. 2019 Sep:56:117-118. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2019.01.025. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

¹ Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan. Electronic address: h.kanda0629@nifty.com.
² Department of Cardiac Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.
³ Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 078-8510, Japan.

No abstract available

Keywords: Awake cardiac surgery; Conscious cardiac surgery; Minimally invasive double valve surgery.

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