Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of amide-pyridine derivatives as novel dual-target (SE, CYP51) antifungal inhibitors

Bioorg Med Chem. 2019 Jun 15;27(12):2427-2437. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.009. Epub 2019 Feb 5.

Abstract

Based on the analysis of the squalene cyclooxygenase (SE) and 14α-demethylase (CYP51) inhibitors pharmacophore feature and the dual-target active sites, a series of compounds with amide-pyridine scaffolds have been designed and synthesized to treat the increasing incidence of drug-resistant fungal infections. In vitro evaluation showed that these compounds have a certain degree of antifungal activity. The most potent compounds 11a, 11b with MIC values in the range of 0.125-2 μg/ml had a broad-spectrum antifungal activity and exhibited excellent inhibitory activity against drug-resistant pathogenic fungi. Preliminary mechanism studies revealed that the compound 11b might play an antifungal role by inhibiting the activity of SE and CYP51. Notably compounds did not show the genotoxicity through plasmid binding assay. Finally, this study of molecular docking, ADME/T prediction and the construction of 3D QSAR model were performed. These results can point out the direction for further optimization of the lead compound.

Keywords: 3D QSAR model; Amide-pyridine compounds; Antifungal activity; Dual-target; Molecular docking.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amides / chemistry*
  • Amides / pharmacology
  • Antifungal Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology
  • Binding Sites
  • Candida albicans / drug effects
  • Candida albicans / metabolism
  • Catalytic Domain
  • Drug Design*
  • Fungal Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Fungal Proteins / metabolism
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Protein Binding
  • Pyridines / chemistry*
  • Pyridines / pharmacology
  • Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Squalene Monooxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Squalene Monooxygenase / metabolism
  • Sterol 14-Demethylase / chemistry*
  • Sterol 14-Demethylase / metabolism

Substances

  • Amides
  • Antifungal Agents
  • Fungal Proteins
  • Pyridines
  • Sterol 14-Demethylase
  • Squalene Monooxygenase