Regulation of osteoblast differentiation by osteocytes cultured on sclerostin antibody conjugated TiO2 nanotube array

Maohua Chen; Yan Hu; Menghuan Li; Maowen Chen; Xinkun Shen; Zhong Luo; Caiyun Mu; Weihu Yang; Peng Liu; Kaiyong Cai

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.023

Regulation of osteoblast differentiation by osteocytes cultured on sclerostin antibody conjugated TiO₂ nanotube array

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2019 Mar 1:175:663-670. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.023. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Authors

Maohua Chen¹, Yan Hu², Menghuan Li³, Maowen Chen¹, Xinkun Shen¹, Zhong Luo³, Caiyun Mu¹, Weihu Yang¹, Peng Liu¹, Kaiyong Cai⁴

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
² Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China. Electronic address: huyan303@cqu.edu.cn.
³ School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
⁴ Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China. Electronic address: kaiyong_cai@cqu.edu.cn.

PMID: 30590327
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.12.023

Abstract

Sclerostin is a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway for osteoblast differentiation. In this study, osteoblasts were co-cultured with osteocytes (MLO-Y₄ cells) on the surface of sclerostin antibody-conjugated TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TNTs-scl). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were employed to characterize the conjugation of sclerostin antibody onto the surface of TiO₂ nanotube arrays. The cellular viability and morphology results displayed TNTs-scl (TNT30-scl and TNT70-scl) were beneficial to the growth of MLO-Y4 cells. There was no apparent change in sclerostin gene expression between MLO-Y4 cells grown on TNTs and TNTs-scl. However, TNTs-scl significantly reduced the amount of sclerostin in the medium. In comparison with the control groups, osteoblasts displayed higher differentiation capability when co-cultured with MLO-Y4 cells on the surface TNTs-scl, which was indicated by the ALP activity, mineralization capability as well as expression levels of key proteins in Wnt signaling. This study provides a simple strategy to engineer titanium surface for bone fracture recovery, especially in osteoporotic conditions.

Keywords: Osteocytes; Osteogenic differentiation; Sclerostin antibody; TiO(2) nanotube arrays.

MeSH terms

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
Animals
Cell Differentiation / drug effects
Cell Line
Cell Survival / drug effects
Coculture Techniques
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / genetics
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / metabolism
Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
Glycoproteins / chemistry*
Glycoproteins / metabolism
Immunoconjugates / chemistry
Immunoconjugates / metabolism
Immunoconjugates / pharmacology*
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Mice
Nanotubes / chemistry*
Nanotubes / ultrastructure
Osteoblasts / cytology
Osteoblasts / drug effects*
Osteoblasts / metabolism
Osteocytes / cytology
Osteocytes / drug effects*
Osteocytes / metabolism
Osteogenesis / drug effects
Osteogenesis / genetics
Osteoprotegerin / genetics
Osteoprotegerin / metabolism
Primary Cell Culture
Sp7 Transcription Factor / genetics
Sp7 Transcription Factor / metabolism
Surface Properties
Tissue Scaffolds
Titanium / chemistry
Titanium / pharmacology*
Wnt Signaling Pathway
beta Catenin / genetics
beta Catenin / metabolism

Substances

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
CTNNB1 protein, mouse
Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit
Glycoproteins
Immunoconjugates
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Osteoprotegerin
Runx2 protein, mouse
Sost protein, mouse
Sp7 Transcription Factor
Sp7 protein, mouse
Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse
beta Catenin
titanium dioxide
Titanium