We have performed brain scanning by computed tomography on 46 consecutive live-born infants whose birth weights were less than 1,500 gm; 20 of them had evidence of cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage. Nine of the 29 infants who survived had IVH. Four grades of IVH were identified. Grade I and II lesions resolved spontaneously, but there was prominence of the interhemispheric fissue on CT of the infants at six months of age. Hydrocephalus developed in infants with Grade III and IV lesions. Seven of the surviving infants with IVH did not have clinical evidence of hemorrhage. There were no significant differences between the infants with and without IVH in birth weight, gestational age, one- and five-minute Apgar scores, or the need for resuscitation at birth or for subsequent respiratory assistance.