Secondary invasion re-redefined: The distinction between invader-facilitated and invader-contingent invasions as subclasses of secondary invasion

Ecol Evol. 2018 Apr 27;8(10):5185-5187. doi: 10.1002/ece3.3966. eCollection 2018 May.

Authors

Dean E Pearson^{1

2}, Yvette K Ortega¹, Justin Runyon³, Jack L Butler⁴

Affiliations

¹ Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Missoula MT USA.
² Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA.
³ Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Bozeman MT USA.
⁴ Rocky Mountain Research Station USDA Forest Service Rapid City SD USA.

Abstract

Linked Article: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3964.

Keywords: biological invasion; reinvasion; secondary invasion; weed management; weed treadmill.