Prognostic factors including lymphovascular invasion on survival for resected non-small cell lung cancer

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2018 Aug;156(2):785-793. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.02.108. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to report on the influence of tumor lymphovascular invasion on overall survival and in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer and identify prognostic factors for survival.

Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of a consecutive series of patients who had surgical resection of non-small cell lung cancer in a single institution. The study covers a 3-year period. Overall survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of lymphovascular invasion and other clinicopathologic variables. A multivariate regression was used to assess the relationship between tumor lymphovascular invasion and other clinical and pathologic characteristics.

Results: A total of 524 patients were identified and included in the study. Two hundred twenty-five patients (43%) had tumors with lymphovascular invasion. Patients with tumor lymphovascular invasion had a lower overall survival (P < .0001). Tumor lymphovascular invasion was independently associated with visceral pleural involvement (P < .0001). In a multivariable model, lymphovascular invasion (hazard ratio [HR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-4.09; P < .0001), parietal pleural invasion (HR, 45.4; 95% CI, 2.08-990; P = .015), advanced age (HR, 1.028; 95% CI, 1.009-1.048; P = .004), and N2 lymph node involvement (HR, 1.837; 95% CI, 1.257-2.690; P = .002) were independent prognostic factors for lower overall survival.

Conclusions: Lymphovascular invasion is associated with a worse overall survival in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer regardless of tumor stage. Parietal pleural involvement, N2 nodal disease, and advanced age independently predict poor overall survival.

Keywords: lymphovascular invasion; non–small cell lung cancer; overall survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / diagnosis
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lung Neoplasms* / diagnosis
  • Lung Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Lymphatic Metastasis*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pneumonectomy
  • Prognosis
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Vascular Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Vascular Neoplasms* / secondary