Clinical effectiveness of four neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir, zanamivir, laninamivir, and peramivir) for children with influenza A and B in the 2014-2015 to 2016-2017 influenza seasons in Japan

J Infect Chemother. 2018 Jun;24(6):449-457. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.01.013. Epub 2018 Feb 24.

Abstract

The clinical effectiveness of four neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) (oseltamivir, zanamivir, laninamivir, and peramivir) for children aged 0 months to 18 years with influenza A and B were investigated in the 2014-2015 to 2016-2017 influenza seasons in Japan. A total of 1207 patients (747 with influenza A and 460 with influenza B) were enrolled. The Cox proportional-hazards model using all of the patients showed that the duration of fever after administration of the first dose of the NAI was shorter in older patients (hazard ratio = 1.06 per 1 year of age, p < 0.001) and that the duration of fever after administration of the first dose of the NAI was shorter in patients with influenza A infection than in patients with influenza B infection (hazard ratio = 2.21, p < 0.001). A logistic regression model showed that the number of biphasic fever episodes was 2.99-times greater for influenza B-infected patients than for influenza A-infected patients (p < 0.001). The number of biphasic fever episodes in influenza A- or B-infected patients aged 0-4 years was 2.89-times greater than that in patients aged 10-18 years (p = 0.010), and the number of episodes in influenza A- or B-infected patients aged 5-9 years was 2.13-times greater than that in patients aged 10-18 years (p = 0.012).

Keywords: Influenza A; Influenza B; Laninamivir; Oseltamivir; Peramivir; Zanamivir.

MeSH terms

  • Acids, Carbocyclic
  • Adolescent
  • Betainfluenzavirus / drug effects
  • Betainfluenzavirus / genetics
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cyclopentanes / administration & dosage*
  • Cyclopentanes / therapeutic use
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Guanidines / administration & dosage*
  • Guanidines / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Influenza A virus / drug effects
  • Influenza A virus / genetics
  • Influenza, Human / drug therapy*
  • Japan
  • Male
  • Neuraminidase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Oseltamivir / administration & dosage*
  • Oseltamivir / therapeutic use
  • Pyrans
  • Seasons
  • Sialic Acids
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Zanamivir / administration & dosage*
  • Zanamivir / analogs & derivatives*
  • Zanamivir / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Acids, Carbocyclic
  • Cyclopentanes
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Guanidines
  • Pyrans
  • Sialic Acids
  • Oseltamivir
  • laninamivir
  • Neuraminidase
  • Zanamivir
  • peramivir