In Vitro Activities of Miltefosine and Antibacterial Agents from the Macrolide, Oxazolidinone, and Pleuromutilin Classes against Pythium insidiosum and Pythium aphanidermatum

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Feb 23;62(3):e01678-17. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01678-17. Print 2018 Mar.

Abstract

We tested 29 isolates of Pythium insidiosum and one isolate of Pythium aphanidermatum to investigate their susceptibility to miltefosine and antibacterial drugs from the macrolide, oxazolidinone, and pleuromutilin classes. We found that miltefosine, azithromycin, clarithromycin, josamycin, linezolid, sutezolid, retapamulin, tiamulin, and valnemulin had inhibitory and cidal activity against the pathogens at concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 64 μg/ml. Our results suggest that these antimicrobials are promising candidates for future studies on pythiosis in animals and humans.

Keywords: oomycetes; pythiosis; susceptibility; treatment.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Azithromycin / pharmacology
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
  • Clarithromycin / pharmacology
  • Diterpenes / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Josamycin / pharmacology
  • Linezolid / pharmacology
  • Macrolides / pharmacology
  • Oomycetes / drug effects
  • Oxazolidinones / pharmacology*
  • Phosphorylcholine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Phosphorylcholine / pharmacology
  • Pleuromutilins
  • Polycyclic Compounds
  • Pythiosis / microbiology
  • Pythium / drug effects*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
  • Diterpenes
  • Macrolides
  • Oxazolidinones
  • PNU-100480
  • Polycyclic Compounds
  • Phosphorylcholine
  • valnemulin
  • retapamulin
  • miltefosine
  • Azithromycin
  • tiamulin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Josamycin
  • Linezolid