Slower Dynamics and Aged Mitochondria in Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017:2017:9302761. doi: 10.1155/2017/9302761. Epub 2017 Oct 19.

Abstract

Sporadic Alzheimer's disease corresponds to 95% of cases whose origin is multifactorial and elusive. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major feature of Alzheimer's pathology, which might be one of the early events that trigger downstream principal events. Here, we show that multiple genes that control mitochondrial homeostasis, including fission and fusion, are downregulated in Alzheimer's patients. Additionally, we demonstrate that some of these dysregulations, such as diminished DLP1 levels and its mitochondrial localization, as well as reduced STOML2 and MFN2 fusion protein levels, take place in fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients. The analysis of mitochondrial network disruption using CCCP indicates that the patients' fibroblasts exhibit slower dynamics and mitochondrial membrane potential recovery. These defects lead to strong accumulation of aged mitochondria in Alzheimer's fibroblasts. Accordingly, the analysis of autophagy and mitophagy involved genes in the patients demonstrates a downregulation indicating that the recycling mechanism of these aged mitochondria might be impaired. Our data reinforce the idea that mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key early events of the disease intimately related with aging.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aging
  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Alzheimer Disease / pathology*
  • Autophagy / drug effects
  • Blood Proteins / metabolism
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Doxorubicin / toxicity
  • Dynamins
  • Female
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics
  • Mitochondrial Proteins / metabolism
  • Mitophagy / drug effects
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis

Substances

  • Blood Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Mitochondrial Proteins
  • STOML2 protein, human
  • Doxorubicin
  • GTP Phosphohydrolases
  • MFN2 protein, human
  • DNM1L protein, human
  • Dynamins