Critical analysis of the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences 2016 International Guidelines for health-related research involving humans

Medwave. 2017 May 15;17(4):e6956. doi: 10.5867/medwave.2017.04.6956.
[Article in Spanish, English]

Abstract

This paper presents a preliminary discussion of the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS), recently issued “International Ethical Guidelines for Health-related Research Involving Humans” (2016) that acknowledges the document’s declared concern of the protection of human subjects and awareness of their needs and interests in “low-resource settings”. Nevertheless, guideline recommendations present exceptional situations –vulnerability, mental incompetence- wherein voluntary and consented participation may be reduced or omitted under three concurrent conditions: compelling scientific value, the need to include persons that will not benefit directly from participation, exposure to minimal or slight risks. CIOMS 2016 extends the range of issues than need deliberation and regulation, but it does not clarify controversial issues in research ethics. The indetermination of special situations that would allow incomplete or absent informed disclosure weakens rigorous ethical norms and opens up to slippery slopes of permissiveness that may be harmful to host-nations and participants of biomedical studies.

Se presenta un análisis preliminar de algunos aspectos de las “Pautas éticas internacionales para la investigación relacionada con salud en seres humanos” del Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS 2016). El título cambia el término específico “biomedicina” por el más indeterminado de “salud”, manifestando su preocupación por proteger a individuos estudiados y respetar necesidades e intereses en contextos “de bajos recursos” –low-resource settings-. Sus recomendaciones, no obstante, detallan situaciones especiales –vulnerabilidad, incompetencia mental-, en que la participación voluntaria y expresamente consentida e informada es disminuida u omitida en tres condiciones: valor científico apremiante, necesidad de estudios en personas que no se beneficiarán al participar y exposición a riesgos mínimos o levemente mayores. El Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences 2016 amplía el espectro de temas que deben ser deliberados y normados, pero no despeja las persistentes polémicas de la ética en investigación. Su imprecisión en determinar discrecionalmente situaciones especiales debilita normas éticas rigurosas, abriendo la puerta para una pendiente resbaladiza de permisividades lesivas a naciones-huésped y participantes en estudios biomédicos.

Keywords: mental competence; research ethics; vulnerability; CIOMS.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomedical Research / ethics*
  • Ethics, Research*
  • Guidelines as Topic*
  • Humans
  • Informed Consent
  • Internationality*
  • Mental Competency
  • Research Subjects