Preparation of Er(3+):Y3Al5O12/KNbO3 composite and application in innocent treatment of ketamine by using sonocatalytic decomposition method

J Hazard Mater. 2016 Nov 5:317:667-676. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.097. Epub 2016 Jun 4.

Abstract

A novel sonocatalyst, Er(3+):Y3Al5O12/KNbO3 composite, was synthesized, and then, characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In order to evaluate the sonocatalytic activity of prepared Er(3+):Y3Al5O12/KNbO3 composite, the sonocatalytic degradation of ketamine, a kind of narcotic drug, was studied. In addition, some influencing factors such as mass ratio, heat-treated temperature and heat-treated time on the sonocatalytic activity of prepared Er(3+):Y3Al5O12/KNbO3 powders and ultrasonic irradiation time on the sonocatalytic degradation of ketamine were examined by using GC-MS machine. The experimental results showed that the Er(3+):Y3Al5O12/KNbO3 composite is a good sonocatalyst in the field of ultrasonic chemistry and the sonocatalytic degradation was an effective method for the innocent treatment of ketamine.

Keywords: Innocent treatment; Ketamine; Sonocatalyst (Er(3+):Y(3)Al(5)O(12)/KNbO(3)); Sonocatalytic degradation; Up-conversion luminescence agent (Er(3+):Y(3)Al(5)O(12)).

MeSH terms

  • Aluminum Compounds / chemistry*
  • Catalysis
  • Erbium / chemistry*
  • Ketamine / analysis*
  • Niobium / chemistry*
  • Oxides / chemistry*
  • Potassium / chemistry*
  • Powders
  • Solutions
  • Sonication / methods*
  • Surface Properties
  • Yttrium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Aluminum Compounds
  • Oxides
  • Powders
  • Solutions
  • Niobium
  • potassium niobate
  • Yttrium
  • Ketamine
  • Erbium
  • Potassium