Prevention of urinary tract infections by antibiotic cycling in spinal cord injury patients and low emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria

Med Mal Infect. 2016 Sep;46(6):294-9. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2016.02.010. Epub 2016 Jun 16.

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major recurrent problem for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Repeated antibiotic treatments contribute to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB). We evaluated the use of weekly oral cycling antibiotics (WOCA) in the prevention of UTIs over a mean follow-up period of 53 months (median follow-up period: 57 months) and analyzed the risk of MDRB emergence.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult SCI patients with neurogenic bladder who were receiving the WOCA regimen.

Results: We included 50 patients, mainly men (60%), with a mean age of 51±13.5 years. Overall, 66% of patients had been paraplegic or tetraplegic for 19.4±14.3 years; 92% underwent intermittent catheterization; and 36% had no postvoid residual. The number of febrile and non-febrile UTIs significantly reduced after WOCA initiation (9.45 non-febrile UTIs before WOCA initiation vs. 1.57 after; 2.25 febrile UTIs before WOCA initiation vs. 0.18 after; P=0.0001). Only one adverse event was reported during the follow-up period. The number of MDRB-colonized patients decreased from 9/50 to 4/50 during the follow-up period.

Conclusion: WOCA is an effective and safe strategy to prevent UTIs in SCI patients with neurogenic bladder. WOCA does not lead to the emergence of MDRB resistance and even seems to reduce MDRB carriage.

Keywords: Antibiothérapie cyclique; Antibiotic cycling; Bactéries multirésistantes; Blessés médullaires; Infection urinaire; Multidrug resistant bacteria; Spinal cord injury; Urinary tract infection.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Catheter-Related Infections / epidemiology
  • Catheter-Related Infections / etiology
  • Catheter-Related Infections / prevention & control
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial*
  • Drug Substitution
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Hospitals, Teaching / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Meta-Analysis as Topic
  • Middle Aged
  • Rectum / microbiology
  • Spinal Cord Injuries / complications*
  • Tertiary Care Centers / statistics & numerical data
  • Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / complications
  • Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / therapy
  • Urinary Catheterization / adverse effects
  • Urinary Tract Infections / epidemiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / etiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents