An Overview of Biochemical Genetics

Curr Protoc Hum Genet. 2016 Apr 1:89:17.1.1-17.1.16. doi: 10.1002/0471142905.hg1701s89.

Abstract

Biochemical genetics focuses on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of inherited metabolic disorders. While individually rare, the combined incidence of these diseases makes them a significant source of morbidity and mortality, particularly among infants and young children, and new conditions continue to be identified. Inherited metabolic disorders may present as an acute, life-threatening illness or with more chronic, progressive symptoms. Population-scale newborn screening allows for early detection and treatment for >40 different metabolic disorders. This introductory unit is intended to provide an overview of the different clinical categories of metabolic disorders, including a description of modern diagnostic methods and treatment options.

Keywords: biochemical genetics; enzyme; enzyme-replacement therapy; mass spectrometry; metabolism; newborn screening.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biochemistry / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Metabolic Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Metabolic Diseases / genetics*
  • Metabolic Diseases / therapy
  • Metabolism, Inborn Errors / diagnosis
  • Metabolism, Inborn Errors / genetics
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / diagnosis
  • Mitochondrial Diseases / genetics
  • Neonatal Screening / methods*
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods