Experimental reports have proved that bile acids damage the gastric mucosa. Moreover it is now accepted that duodenogastric reflux occurs in 20-30% of cholecystectomized persons. The Authors, with the purpose of defining a correlation between gastric mucosa damage by duodeno-gastric reflux and postcholecystectomy syndrome have taken into consideration two groups of 14 patients each. To the first group belonged cholecystectomized patients, who had episodic, often postprandial pain, constant heart burn, with associated vomiting and Hypochromic anemia. To the second group belonged asymptomatic patients with previous cholecystectomy. All these patients were endoscoped (EGDS), and their endoscopic biopsy specimens were surveyed. 99Tc HIDA cholescintigraphy was performed in all the groups of patients, after endoscopy. In 85% of symptomatic patients we found, during endoscopy, reflux of bile into the stomach with associated reddish and inflammatory change of antral mucosa vs. 7.14% of the control group. Atrophic chronic gastritis was found in 71.43% of endoscopic biopsy specimens of Symptomatic vs. 14.28% of asymptomatic patients. Superficial chronic gastritis was found in 28.57% of symptomatic vs. 50% of asymptomatic patients. At last we found active atrophic or superficial antral gastritis (Whitehead) in 90% of symptomatic patients vs. 0% of asymptomatic people. The Authors conclude that there is a positive correlation between duodenogastric reflux and postcholecystectomy syndrome when biliary reflux is correlated with an histological finding of antral active chronic gastritis.