Smoking, Smokeless Tobacco, and Alcohol Consumption as Contributing Factors to Periodontal Disease

Northwest Dent. 2016 Jan-Feb;95(1):37-41.
No abstract available

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects*
  • Alcoholism / complications
  • Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Periodontal Diseases / etiology*
  • Smoking / adverse effects*
  • Tobacco Use / adverse effects*
  • Tobacco, Smokeless / adverse effects*