Epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adulthood is influenced by the environment in early life. Intrauterine and early postnatal malnutrition and the following catch-up growth have a long-term effect on blood pressure and endothelial function in adulthood. Well-established prenatal or/and postnatal animal models are used to study the impact of different nutritional intervention on CVD in adulthood. This article reviews the early original cause of chronic CVD in adulthood with the hypothesis of DOHaD (the developmental origins of health and disease), and proposes possible preventions in early life on the basis of this theory.
流行病学调查和实验研究发现成年期心血管疾病除了与遗传和生活方式相关外, 还受生命早期营养环境的影响。宫内和出生后早期营养不良及相伴随的追赶生长模式均影响成年期血压、内皮功能等心血管指标。目前已建立多种出生前和(或)出生后营养干预的动物模型研究不同干预方式对成年期心血管功能的影响。本综述结合“健康与疾病的发育起源”假说相关概念阐述成年期心血管疾病的早期营养起源, 并对可能的预防措施提出设想。