Development of a community-based oral healthcare model for Thai dependent older people

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a community-based oral healthcare model for Thai dependent older people in Tambon Tha Pla Duk, Amphur Mae Tha, Lamphun Province, in the north of Thailand.

Materials and methods: Participatory action research was conducted, taking an interdisciplinary approach. Data were collected through focus group discussions with key stakeholders in health care of older people in Amphur Mae Tha. Supplementary data were also collected with the stakeholders through a triangulation of in-depth interviews, a self-administered questionnaire, participant observations with field notes and a literature review. The model was subsequently refined and checked by the stakeholders. The data from all processes were coded, grouped, interpreted and thematically analysed for emerging themes and patterns, independently by the researcher (TP).

Results: This model consists of two key components: (i) primary care and (ii) other related factors. Primary care: This model provides a strong linkage between home, community and healthcare services to foster strong collaborations with dependent older people. This is the central focus of the model. Other related factors consist of the following: (i) Thai social norms and culture, (ii) the need for equity, (iii) the need for effectiveness, (iv) the need for efficiency and (v) the need for quality (that is, holistic, integrated and continuous). Finally, interdisciplinary collaboration was a strategy used to achieve improved quality of oral health care.

Conclusion: A community-based care model to enhance oral health of dependent older people was developed for potential implementation and submitted to the stakeholders at the location of the study.