Mono-, Di-, and Trifluoroalkyl Substituent Effects on the Torquoselectivities of Cyclobutene and Oxetene Electrocyclic Ring Openings

J Org Chem. 2015 Dec 4;80(23):11768-72. doi: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01361. Epub 2015 Aug 28.

Abstract

The reactivities and torquoselectivities of electrocyclic ring opening reactions of fluoromethyl-substituted cyclobutenes and oxetenes were studied with M06-2X density functional theory. The torquoselectivities of a series of mono-, di-, and trifluoromethylcyclobutenes and oxetenes result from the interplay of favorable orbital interactions and closed-shell repulsions. When the substituent rotates inward, there can be a favorable interaction between the breaking σ(CO) bond and the σ(CF)* orbital (σ(CO) → σ(CF)*) of the fluoromethyl group in fluoromethyloxetenes. The preference for rotation of a fluoromethyl group is decreased in trifluoromethyloxetenes because closed-shell repulsions between the breaking σ(CO) bond and trifluoromethyl substituent orbitals compete with the σ(CO) → σ(CF)* interaction.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.