The phase diagram and radial collapse of an inflated soft tube under twist

Soft Matter. 2015 Sep 21;11(35):7046-52. doi: 10.1039/c5sm01740h. Epub 2015 Aug 6.

Abstract

When an inflated soft tube such as a cylindrical balloon is twisted, mechanical instability can arise and produces a kink-like radius collapsing in the middle of the tube. Here this phenomenon inspires us to theoretically analyze a standard non-linear model of rubber elasticity for soft tubes. We show that there exists a critical pressure beyond which such instability arises. The critical pressure depends on the elastic properties of the tube material and the geometric dimensions of the thin-walled tube. This general theory covers a large class of soft materials and explains why twist-induced collapsing is observable in soft and thin elastic tubes such as balloons, but not in hard and thick tubes such as water hoses.