Diachronic Change within the Still Bay at Blombos Cave, South Africa

PLoS One. 2015 Jul 2;10(7):e0132428. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132428. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

Characteristically shaped bifacial points are stone artefacts with which the Middle Stone Age Still Bay techno-complex in Southern Africa is identified. Traditional approaches such as chaîne opératoire and two-dimensional metrics in combination with attribute analyses have been used to analyse variability within Still Bay point assemblages. Here we develop a protocol to extract and analyse high resolution 3-dimensional geometric morphometric information about Still Bay point morphology. We also investigate ways in which the independent variables of time, raw-material and tool size may be driving patterns of shape variation in the Blombos Cave point assemblage. We demonstrate that at a single, stratified Still Bay site points undergo significant modal changes in tool morphology and standardization. Our results caution against (1) treatment of the Still Bay as a static technological entity and (2) drawing demographic inferences stemming from grouping Still Bay point collections within the same cultural label.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Historical Article

MeSH terms

  • Archaeology / methods
  • Bays
  • Caves
  • Culture
  • Equipment Design / history
  • Equipment Design / trends
  • History, Ancient
  • Minerals
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Principal Component Analysis
  • South Africa
  • Time Factors
  • Weapons / history*
  • Weapons / standards

Substances

  • Minerals

Grants and funding

The authors receive no specific funding for this research.