The opportunities and responsibilities of pharmacists with respect to the new biotechnology products are described. Recent advances in the fields of molecular genetics and nucleic acid chemistry have resulted in a proliferation of biotechnology products. Those produced by recombinant DNA techniques offer particular promise for the treatment of a wide variety of medical disorders such as cancer, anemia, neutropenia, diabetes, and myocardial infarction. Since the turn of the century, the pharmacy profession has expanded its role from drug preparation and distribution to modern clinical pharmacy, in which pharmacists act as a source of drug information for physicians, nurses, and patients. In response to the new biotechnology revolution, pharmacists must once again undergo a role expansion, this time actively assuming responsibility for educating themselves about the nature and clinical use of the new biopharmaceuticals. The curriculum of students undergoing training in pharmacy should cover such areas as immunoglobulins, immunomodulators, growth hormones, targeted drug-delivery systems, and advanced diagnostic techniques that use biotechnology products. Continuing-education programs in these areas will update currently practicing pharmacists on the new biotechnology products. Although use of biologic proteins is currently targeted toward hospitalized patients, future advances may allow for dispensing these new drugs through community pharmacies as well. Therefore, change will be necessary at all levels of the pharmacy profession. As pharmacists accept the responsibility of dispensing, monitoring, and providing information about the new biotechnologic agents, they will enhance the rational use of these compounds.