Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV), which has caused at least four epidemics in the Western Mediterranean during the last 20-25 years, may dramatically impact the health and conservation of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) living in this area. The viral and host factors driving the host-DMV interaction, along with those related to the climate change that underlie the occurrence of DMV epidemics, warrant further investigation.