Cationization of kappa- and iota-carrageenan--Characterization and properties of amphoteric polysaccharides

Carbohydr Polym. 2015 Aug 1:126:70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.02.053. Epub 2015 Mar 5.

Abstract

Commercial kappa- and iota carrageenans were cationized with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. For kappa-carrageenan three derivatives with different degrees of substitution were obtained. Native and amphoteric kappa-carrageenans were characterized by NMR and infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron and atomic force microscopy; methanolysis products were studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Young moduli and the strain at break of films, differential scanning calorimetry, rheological and flocculation behavior were also evaluated; the native and the amphoteric derivatives showed different and interesting properties. Cationization of iota-carrageenan was more difficult, indicating as it was previously observed for agarose, that substitution starts preferentially on the 2-position of 3,6-anhydrogalactose residues; in iota-carrageenan this latter unit is sulfated.

Keywords: 3-Chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride; Amphoteric polysaccharides; Cationization; Iota-carrageenan; Kappa-carrageenan.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carrageenan / chemistry*
  • Cations / chemistry
  • Elastic Modulus
  • Galactose / analogs & derivatives
  • Galactose / chemistry
  • Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
  • Microscopy, Atomic Force
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry*
  • Propanols / chemistry*
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / chemistry*
  • Rheology
  • Sepharose / chemistry
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Substances

  • Cations
  • Polysaccharides
  • Propanols
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
  • 3,6-anhydrogalactose
  • Carrageenan
  • Sepharose
  • (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride
  • Galactose