HBV Infection Among HIV-Infected Cohort and HIV-Negative Hospital Attendees in South Western Nigeria

Moses Olubusuyi Adewumi; Emmanuel Donbraye; Waidi Folorunso Sule; Olaniran Olarinde

doi:10.4314/ajid.v9i1.4

HBV Infection Among HIV-Infected Cohort and HIV-Negative Hospital Attendees in South Western Nigeria

Afr J Infect Dis. 2015;9(1):14-7. doi: 10.4314/ajid.v9i1.4.

Authors

Moses Olubusuyi Adewumi¹, Emmanuel Donbraye², Waidi Folorunso Sule³, Olaniran Olarinde²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
² Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
³ Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Osun State University, PMB 4494, Oke-Baale, Osogbo, Nigeria.

Abstract

Background: Prevalence, association and probable mode of acquisition of HBV and HIV dual infections have not been fully explored. Thus, HBV intervention plan and services are sometimes exclusively targeted towards HIV-infected population. We investigated HBV infection among HIV-infected cohort in comparison with HIV-negative hospital attendees to ascertain dual infectivity pattern; thereby encouraging appropriate allotment of intervention services.

Materials and methods: A total of 349 (M=141; F=208; Mean=33.98 years; Range= 0.33-80 years) plasma specimens from two virus diagnostic laboratories in south-western Nigeria were analysed. These include 182 HIV-positive and 167 HIV-negative specimens from ART and GDV laboratories respectively. The specimens were initially screened for detectable HIV antigen/antibody, and subsequently HBsAg by ELISA technique.

Results: Overall, HBsAg was detected in 20.92% (95% CI: 16.65-25.19%) of the patients. Also, 24.82% (95% CI: 17.69-31.95%) and 18.27% (95% CI: 13.02-23.52%) HBsAg positivity was recorded for males and females respectively. CHI square analysis showed no association (P=0.14) between gender and prevalence of HBsAg. Similarly, comparison of prevalence of HBsAg by age groups shows no significant difference (P=0.24). Overall, no significant difference (P=0.59) was observed in the prevalence of HBsAg among the HIV-infected cohort and HIV-negative hospital attendees.

Conclusions: Results of the study confirm endemicity and comparable rates of HBV infection independent of HIV-status.

Keywords: ART; Dual positivity; HBV; HIV; Nigeria.