Emergence of the first levofloxacin-resistant strains of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated in Italy

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Apr;59(4):2466-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.05127-14. Epub 2015 Feb 9.

Abstract

Of 901 group B streptococcus strains analyzed, 13 (1.4%) were resistant to levofloxacin (MICs of >32 μg/ml for seven isolates, 2 μg/ml for four isolates, and 1.5 μg/ml for four isolates). Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrase and topoisomerase IV were identified. A double mutation involving the Ser-81 change to Leu for gyrA and the Ser-79 change to Phe or to Tyr for parC was linked to a high level of fluoroquinolone resistance. In addition, two other mutational positions in parC were observed, resulting in an Asp-83-to-Tyr substitution and an Asp-83-to-Asn substitution. Different mutations were also observed in gyrB, with unknown significance. Most levofloxacin-resistant GBS strains were of serotype Ib and belonged to sequence type 19 (ST19) and clonal complex 19 (CC-19). Most of them exhibited the epsilon gene.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • DNA Gyrase / genetics
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV / genetics
  • DNA Topoisomerases, Type I / genetics
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / genetics
  • Italy
  • Levofloxacin / pharmacology*
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Mutation
  • Streptococcus agalactiae / drug effects*
  • Streptococcus agalactiae / genetics

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Levofloxacin
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV
  • DNA Topoisomerases, Type I
  • DNA Gyrase