Performance-based outcomes of inpatient rehabilitation facilities treating hip fracture patients in the United States

Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 May;96(5):790-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.01.003. Epub 2015 Jan 13.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the influence of facility and aggregate patient characteristics of inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) on performance-based rehabilitation outcomes in a national sample of IRFs treating Medicare beneficiaries with hip fracture.

Design: Secondary data analysis.

Setting: U.S. Medicare-certified IRFs (N=983).

Participants: Data included patient records of Medicare beneficiaries (N=34,364) admitted in 2009 for rehabilitation after hip fracture.

Intervention: Not applicable.

Main outcome measures: Performance-based outcomes included mean motor function on discharge, mean motor change (mean motor score on discharge minus mean motor score on admission), and percentage discharged to the community.

Results: Higher mean motor function on discharge was explained by aggregate characteristics of patients with hip fracture (lower age [P=.009], lower percentage of blacks [P<.001] and Hispanics [P<.001], higher percentage of women [P=.030], higher motor function on admission [P<.001], longer length of stay [P<.001]) and facility characteristics (freestanding [P<.001], rural [P<.001], for profit [P=.048], smaller IRFs [P=.014]). The findings were similar for motor change, but motor change was also associated with lower mean cognitive function on admission (P=.008). Higher percentage discharged to the community was associated with aggregate patient characteristics (lower age [P<.001], lower percentage of Hispanics [P=.009], higher percentage of patients living with others [P<.001], higher motor function on admission [P<.001]). No facility characteristics were associated with the percentage discharged to the community.

Conclusions: Performance-based measurement offers health policymakers, administrators, clinicians, and consumers a major opportunity for securing health system improvement by benchmarking or comparing their outcomes with those of other similar facilities. These results might serve as the basis for benchmarking and quality-based reimbursement to IRFs for 1 impairment group: hip fracture.

Keywords: Health services research; Hip fractures; Medicare; Outcome assessment (health care); Rehabilitation; Rehabilitation centers.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cognition
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Hip Fractures / rehabilitation*
  • Humans
  • Inpatients
  • Insurance Claim Review / statistics & numerical data
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Medicare / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Discharge
  • Recovery of Function*
  • Rehabilitation Centers / statistics & numerical data*
  • Residence Characteristics
  • Sex Factors
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States