Evidence accumulates implicating interferons (IFNs) in the chronic inflammation associated with the idiopathic inflammatory mypathies (IM). Dermatomyositis in particular appears to display a strong IFN type 1 signature. Proposed pathogenic actions of IFNs include the upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I on muscle fibres, and the induction of a plethora of pro-inflammatory factors, including cytokines and chemokines. This review brings together findings on IFNs and IFN-induced factors, sketching their roles in IM immunopathogenesis in general and dermatomyositis in particular, and offering a basis for exploring their potential therapeutic relevance.
Keywords: Chemokines; Cytokines; Inflammatory myopathy; Interferon-inducible genes; Interferons.
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