Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas: clinical manifestations and prognostic significance

Alfio Ferlito; Alessandra Rinaldo; Justin A Bishop; Jennifer L Hunt; Vincent Vander Poorten; Michelle D Williams; Asterios Triantafyllou; Kenneth O Devaney; Douglas R Gnepp; Kimihide Kusafuka; Gyorgy B Halmos; William H Westra; Robert P Takes; Lester D R Thompson

doi:10.1007/s00405-014-3351-5

Paraneoplastic syndromes in patients with laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas: clinical manifestations and prognostic significance

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Mar;273(3):533-6. doi: 10.1007/s00405-014-3351-5. Epub 2014 Oct 29.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ University of Udine School of Medicine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100, Udine, Italy. a.ferlito@uniud.it.
² University of Udine School of Medicine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 33100, Udine, Italy.
³ Departments of Pathology and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
⁴ Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
⁵ Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
⁶ Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
⁷ Oral Pathology School of Dentistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
⁸ Department of Pathology, Allegiance Health, Jackson, MI, USA.
⁹ Head and Neck Pathology, CBLPath, Warwick, RI, USA.
¹⁰ Pathology Division, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital and Research Institute, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
¹² Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
¹³ Department of Pathology, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, CA, USA.

PMID: 25351497
DOI: 10.1007/s00405-014-3351-5

Abstract

Paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with a variety of malignant neoplasms and are systemic and non-metastatic manifestations that develop in a minority of cancer patients. This review examines all published cases of paraneoplastic syndromes associated with neuroendocrine carcinomas of the larynx. There are a total of ten patients reported with paraneoplastic syndromes associated with laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas in the literature. Of these, nine died and the tenth is alive with liver metastases. There were five cases of small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, four cases of moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma, and one case of well-differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma associated with paraneoplastic syndromes. As these syndromes have significant clinical relevance, physicians should be aware of the possible presence of paraneoplastic syndromes in the diagnostic process of patients with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Larynx; Neuroendocrine carcinomas; Paraneoplastic syndromes; Prognosis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / complications*
Humans
Inappropriate ADH Syndrome / etiology
Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome / etiology
Laryngeal Neoplasms / complications*
Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome / etiology
Paraneoplastic Syndromes / etiology*
Prognosis