Clopidogrel use as a risk factor for poor outcomes after kidney transplantation

Am J Surg. 2014 Oct;208(4):556-62. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2014.06.007. Epub 2014 Jul 18.

Abstract

Background: Limited data are available on outcome implications of clopidogrel use before kidney transplantation.

Methods: A novel dataset linking national transplant registry data with records from a large pharmacy claims clearinghouse (2005 to 2010) was examined to estimate risks of post-transplant death and graft failure associated with clopidogrel fills within 90 or more than 90 days before transplant.

Results: Clopidogrel fills within 90 days of transplant were associated with 61% of increased relative mortality risk and 23% of increased graft failure risk. Risks were higher in those whose last clopidogrel fill was more than 90 days before transplantation (111% for death, 59% for graft loss). Adverse prognostic associations persisted among recipients of live and deceased donor allografts, older recipients, and those with diabetes or reported cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions: Clopidogrel use before kidney transplantation portends increased risks of post-transplant death and graft loss. Pharmacy claims may identify novel prognostic markers not currently captured in the transplant registry.

Keywords: Clopidogrel; Death; Graft loss; Kidney transplantation; Outcomes; Pharmacy records.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases / complications
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / drug therapy
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Clopidogrel
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Graft Rejection / chemically induced
  • Graft Rejection / epidemiology*
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / complications
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / surgery*
  • Kidney Transplantation / mortality*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Postoperative Period
  • Prognosis
  • Registries*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment / methods*
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Ticlopidine / administration & dosage
  • Ticlopidine / adverse effects
  • Ticlopidine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Tissue Donors / statistics & numerical data*
  • Transplantation, Homologous
  • United States / epidemiology

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel
  • Ticlopidine