Nuclear receptors in neurodegenerative diseases

Neurobiol Dis. 2014 Dec:72 Pt A:104-16. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.05.019. Epub 2014 May 27.

Abstract

Nuclear receptors have generated substantial interest in the past decade as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Despite years of effort, effective treatments for progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and ALS remain elusive, making non-classical drug targets such as nuclear receptors an attractive alternative. A substantial literature in mouse models of disease and several clinical trials have investigated the role of nuclear receptors in various neurodegenerative disorders, most prominently AD. These studies have met with mixed results, yet the majority of studies in mouse models report positive outcomes. The mechanisms by which nuclear receptor agonists affect disease pathology remain unclear. Deciphering the complex signaling underlying nuclear receptor action in neurodegenerative diseases is essential for understanding this variability in preclinical studies, and for the successful translation of nuclear receptor agonists into clinical therapies.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Huntington's disease; Inflammation; Liver X receptors; Microglia; Neurodegeneration; Nuclear receptors; Parkinson's disease; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors; Retinoid X receptors.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Huntington Disease / metabolism
  • Liver X Receptors
  • Mice
  • Microglia / metabolism
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / metabolism*
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2 / metabolism
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors / metabolism
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / metabolism
  • Rats
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism*
  • Retinoid X Receptors / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Liver X Receptors
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 2
  • Orphan Nuclear Receptors
  • Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
  • Retinoid X Receptors