The double-edged sword of vitamin D in Ireland: the need for public health awareness about too much as well as too little

Ir J Med Sci. 2014 Sep;183(3):485-7. doi: 10.1007/s11845-014-1147-7. Epub 2014 May 24.

Abstract

Introduction: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2011 on dietary references intakes for calcium and vitamin D specified that a 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) level below 30 nmol/L indicated risk of deficiency and that a level above 125 nmol/L indicated risk of harm.

Methods: We noted a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (23.9 %) and a substantive prevalence of hypervitaminosis D (4.8 %) in a retrospective audit of clinical samples (n = 10,181) obtained over 10 months in 2013.

Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D should be corrected by low dose supplementation (5 µg or 200 IU daily) with some at-risk groups needing higher doses (10 µg or 400 IU daily) based on 25OHD levels. Whereas, those taking high-dose vitamin D supplements based on mistaken beliefs about recently authorised claims of benefit for muscle function and misleading unauthorised claims need to be alerted to the potential harms of excessive supplementation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Dietary Supplements* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ireland / epidemiology
  • Lansoprazole
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nutrition Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Public Health
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Vitamin D / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Calcium, Dietary
  • Lansoprazole
  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D