Background: Although the initial clinical efficacy of self-expandable metal stents is acceptable, doubt still remains about long-term clinical outcomes and complications.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the stoma formation rate and risk factors for complications after successful stenting in patients with obstructive metastatic colorectal cancer.
Design: This was a tertiary-care center retrospective study.
Patients: From January 2000 to December 2010, 130 patients with unresectable obstructive colorectal cancer received successful self-expandable metal stent placement. Among them, 14 patients received primary colectomy after successful stenting.
Interventions: Self-expandable metal stent placement and primary colectomy were performed.
Main outcome measures: The stoma formation rate and complications were measured.
Results: In patients with successful stenting, stoma formation rates at 1 and 2 years were 15.6% (95% CI, 8.74-22.4) and 24.4% (95% CI, 13.8-35.0), and the median patency duration was 157 days (range, 2-1590 days). However, long-term complications occurred in 58 patients (44.6%), including reobstruction (32.6%), stent migration (10.3%), and perforation (7.8%), and a large number of reinterventions (45.7%) and hospitalizations (37/9%) were needed to manage complications. In multivariate analysis, primary colectomy after successful endoscopic stenting was a negative predictive factor for reobstruction (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.02-0.99; p = 0.04).
Limitations: This was a retrospective, single-center study.
Conclusions: To reduce stent-related late complications, primary colectomy after successful endoscopic stenting could be a therapeutic option in patients who have unresectable colorectal cancer with obstruction, especially in those who expect long-term survival.