Minimally invasive fibrillating mitral valve replacement for patients with advanced cardiomyopathy: a safe and effective approach to treat a complex problem

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2014 Nov;148(5):2045-2051.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.10.062. Epub 2013 Dec 9.

Abstract

Objective: The optimal management of mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with cardiomyopathy has been controversial. Minimally invasive fibrillating mitral valve replacement (mini-MVR) might limit postoperative morbidity and mortality by minimizing recurrent MR. We hypothesized that mini-MVR with complete chordal sparing would offer low mortality and halt left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with severe cardiomyopathy and severe MR.

Methods: From January 2006 to August 2009, 65 patients with an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤35% underwent mini-MVR. The demographic, echocardiographic, and clinical outcomes were analyzed.

Results: The operative mortality compared with the Society of Thoracic Surgeons-predicted mortality was 6.2% versus 6.6%. It was 5.6% versus 7.4% for patients with an LVEF of ≤20% and 8.3% versus 17.9% among patients with a Society of Thoracic Surgeons-predicted mortality of ≥10%. At a median follow-up of 17 months, no recurrent MR or change in the LV dimensions or LVEF had developed, but the right ventricular systolic pressure had decreased (P=.02). At the first postoperative visit and latest follow-up visit, the New York Heart Association class had decreased from 3.0±0.6 to 1.7±0.7 and 2.0±1.0, respectively (P<.0001 for both). Patients with an LVEF of ≤20% and LV end-diastolic diameter of ≥6.5 cm were more likely to meet a composite of death, transplantation, or LV assist device insertion (P=.046).

Conclusions: Our results have shown that mini-MVR is safe in patients with advanced cardiomyopathy and resulted in no recurrent MR, stabilization of the LVEF and LV dimensions, and a decrease in right ventricular systolic pressure. This mini-MVR technique can be used to address severe MR in patients with advanced cardiomyopathy.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiomyopathies / complications*
  • Cardiomyopathies / diagnosis
  • Cardiomyopathies / mortality
  • Cardiomyopathies / physiopathology
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / complications*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnosis
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / mortality
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / surgery*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Postoperative Complications / therapy
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Stroke Volume
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnosis
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / etiology*
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / mortality
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
  • Ventricular Function, Left*
  • Ventricular Function, Right
  • Ventricular Pressure
  • Ventricular Remodeling