The impact of obesity and metabolic syndrome on chronic hepatitis B and drug-induced liver disease

Clin Liver Dis. 2014 Feb;18(1):165-78. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2013.09.015.

Abstract

Steatosis and insulin resistance (IR) are no more frequent in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) than in the general population. Although experimental studies suggest that the HBx protein induces liver fat, human studies have shown that steatosis and IR are related to coexistent metabolic risk factors, thus epidemiologically linked rather than virally induced. Diabetes and obesity are associated with advanced fibrosis and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in CHB. Despite abundant experimental data showing that fatty liver is more susceptible to liver injury, drug-induced liver disease seems no more frequent in NAFLD patients, except, possibly, a higher incidence but not severity of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B; Cirrhosis; Drug-induced liver injury; Fatty liver; Fibrosis; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Metabolic syndrome; Steatosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / adverse effects
  • Anesthetics / adverse effects
  • Animals
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / epidemiology
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology*
  • Fatty Liver / epidemiology
  • Fatty Liver / etiology
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / complications*
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis C, Chronic / complications
  • Humans
  • Insulin Resistance
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / complications*
  • Methotrexate / adverse effects
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  • Obesity / complications*
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism
  • Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins

Substances

  • Anesthetics
  • Trans-Activators
  • Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
  • hepatitis B virus X protein
  • Acetaminophen
  • Methotrexate