Daucus carota L. cell lines stably resistant to the herbicide chlorsulfuron (CS) have been isolated according to a stepwise selection. Studies carried out during different selection steps show that the specific activity of the target enzyme acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) increases along with CS resistance. Southern hybridization analysis performed with aBrassica napus AHAS probe in a CS highly-resistant cell line reveals the presence of a greatly amplifiedEcoRI fragment of genomic DNA. This indicates that AHAS overproduction induced by stepwise selection is due to gene amplification. Regenerants from some resistant cell lines maintained the CS-resistant trait at the whole plant level.