Validation of the bladder control self-assessment questionnaire (B-SAQ) in men

BJU Int. 2014 May;113(5):783-8. doi: 10.1111/bju.12521.

Abstract

Objective: To validate the Bladder Control Self-Assessment Questionnaire (B-SAQ), a short screener to assess lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and overactive bladder (OAB) in men.

Patients and methods: This was a prospective, single-centre study including 211 patients in a urology outpatient setting. All patients completed the B-SAQ and Kings Health Questionnaire (KHQ) before consultation, and the consulting urologist made an independent assessment of LUTS and the need for treatment. The psychometric properties of the B-SAQ were analysed.

Results: A total of 98% of respondents completed all items correctly in <5 min. The mean B-SAQ scores were 12 and 3.3, respectively for cases (n = 101) and controls (n = 108) (P < 0.001). Good correlation was evident between the B-SAQ and the KHQ. The agreement percentages between the individual B-SAQ items and the KHQ symptom severity scale were 86, 85, 84 and 79% for frequency, urgency, nocturia and urinary incontinence, respectively. Using a B-SAQ symptom score threshold of ≥4 alone had sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for detecting LUTS of 75, 86 and 84%, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.88; however, in combination with a bother score threshold of ≥1 these values changed to 92, 46 and 86%, respectively.

Conclusions: The B-SAQ is an easy and quick valid case-finding tool for LUTS/OAB in men, but appears to be less specific in men than in women. The B-SAQ has the potential to raise awareness of LUTS. Further validation in a community setting is required.

Keywords: B-SAQ; King's Health Questionnaire; bladder control self-assessment questionnaire; lower urinary tract symptoms; overactive bladder.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Self-Assessment*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Urinary Bladder / physiopathology*
  • Urinary Incontinence / diagnosis*
  • Urinary Incontinence / physiopathology
  • Urination / physiology*
  • Young Adult