A tuberous sclerosis complex signalling node at the peroxisome regulates mTORC1 and autophagy in response to ROS

Nat Cell Biol. 2013 Oct;15(10):1186-96. doi: 10.1038/ncb2822. Epub 2013 Aug 18.

Abstract

Subcellular localization is emerging as an important mechanism for mTORC1 regulation. We report that the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) signalling node, TSC1, TSC2 and Rheb, localizes to peroxisomes, where it regulates mTORC1 in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). TSC1 and TSC2 were bound by peroxisomal biogenesis factors 19 and 5 (PEX19 and PEX5), respectively, and peroxisome-localized TSC functioned as a Rheb GTPase-activating protein (GAP) to suppress mTORC1 and induce autophagy. Naturally occurring pathogenic mutations in TSC2 decreased PEX5 binding, and abrogated peroxisome localization, Rheb GAP activity and suppression of mTORC1 by ROS. Cells lacking peroxisomes were deficient in mTORC1 repression by ROS, and peroxisome-localization-deficient TSC2 mutants caused polarity defects and formation of multiple axons in neurons. These data identify a role for the TSC in responding to ROS at the peroxisome, and identify the peroxisome as a signalling organelle involved in regulation of mTORC1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autophagy*
  • Cell Line
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • MCF-7 Cells
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Multiprotein Complexes / genetics*
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism
  • Peroxisomes / metabolism*
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Reactive Oxygen Species*
  • Signal Transduction*
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics*
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Membrane Proteins
  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • TSC1 protein, human
  • TSC2 protein, human
  • Tsc1 protein, mouse
  • Tsc1 protein, rat
  • Tsc2 protein, mouse
  • Tsc2 protein, rat
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases