Currently, the molecular mechanisms involved in induction of oocyte meiotic resumption in the pre-ovulatory follicle which may include (involve) the elimination of meiosis inhibiting factors and/or the accumulation or activation of oocyte maturation signals are actively studied. The present review summarizes the existing literature data regarding the participation of cyclic monophosphates (cAMP and cGMP), protein kinases (mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), AI, AII, B, C, G), epidermal-growth factors (EGF), EGF-like factors, mRNA EGF and EGF-like factors, ovarian steroid hormones and sterols, as well as transcription factors NF-kappaB and CREB (cAMP response element binding protein) in the regulation of mammalian oocyte meiotic resumption. Such scheme of regulation of oocyte meiotic resumption is discussed (considered): the action ofgonadotrophins, FSH and LH, causes increase the production ofcAMP and subsequent activation of MAPK. cGMP (during follicular growth) can prevent untimely oocyte meiotic resumption up to ovulation (after LH surge, after increase in LH). FSH- and the LH -induced system of EGF, steroids and sterols are involved in MAPK activation. Whereas different FSH and LH effects on NO production in ovary are involved in the regulation of induction of oocyte meiotic resumption in mammals. The further research is needed to better understand the new important mechanisms that regulate difficult aspects of oocyte meiotic maturation in mammals.