EMT induced by ΔNp63α confers stem cell-like properties in NHEK. A, flow cytometry was performed with MSCs (DPSC and SCAP), NHEK/LXSN, NHEK/Snail, and NHEK/ΔNp63α-M for surface expression of CD24 and CD44. Numerical values in each group represent CD24low (upper panels, horizontal axis) and CD44high (lower panels, vertical axis). B, a Hoechst dye exclusion assay was performed in DPSC, SCAP, NHEK/LXSN, NHEK/ΔNp63α (pre-EMT), and NHEK/ΔNp63α-M in the presence or absence of reserpine (40 nm). SP cells are noted in green, and their abundance is shown as numerical values for each group (%). C, RT-qPCR was performed for Oct4, Nanog, and Lin28 in NHEK/LXSN, NHEK/ΔNp63α at PD 26 (pre-EMT), NHEK/ΔNp63α-M at PD 41, NHOF, SCAP, and DPSC. D, relative telomere length was determined by qPCR analysis of 30 ng of DNA of HOK-16B, NHEK (PD16), NHEK/ΔNp63α-M, NHOF, and DPSC. Average telomere versus single copy gene (T/S) ratio was used to compare relative telomere length. E, telomerase activities in cells were determined with increasing amounts of cell extracts (0.125–1 μg) using a SYBR Green Q-TRAP assay. Error bars, S.D. from triplicate samples.