Synthetic utilization of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane

β-Substituted α-fluoro-α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids have been successfully synthesized, usually in a (Z)-stereospecific manner by way of a stepwise or a one-pot three-step procedure starting from 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124), one of the major byproducts of the industrial process for tetrafluoroethene formation from chlorofluoromethane (HCFC-22).