Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

We aimed to study 1-, 5- and 10-year risks of peptic ulcer rebleeding among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with regular haemodialysis, to identify the high-risk subpopulation, and to estimate the number needed to harm (NNH) to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding in different periods.

DESIGN:

A nationwide cohort study.

SETTING:

Data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database.

PATIENTS:

Uraemic cohort and matched controls were selected from among hospitalised patients with a primary diagnosis of peptic ulcer bleeding. In total, 6447 uraemic patients and 25,788 age-, gender- and gastroprotective agent use-matched controls were selected. Intervention No. Main outcome measures Cumulative incidences and HRs.

RESULTS:

The cumulative incidences of ESRD patients were significantly higher than the cumulative incidences of matched controls (1 year: 18.8% vs 14.2%; 5 years: 38.5% vs 31.4%; and 10 years: 46.3% vs 39.4%; all p<0.001). The NNH to increase a peptic ulcer rebleeding by ESRD at 1, 5 and 10 years were 22, 15 and 15, respectively. On multivariate analysis, ESRD (HR=1.38, p<0.0001) was an independent risk factor for rebleeding. Compared with matched controls, ESRD was associated with higher risk of rebleeding especially in patients using ulcerogenic agents (HR=1.33-1.45), indication to prescribe gastroprotective agents (HR=1.44) and with liver cirrhosis (HR=1.45).

CONCLUSIONS:

ESRD patients had higher long-term risk of peptic ulcer rebleeding, especially in certain populations. The enhanced risk gradually decreased after the first year and stabilised after the fifth year.