Safety of ty/04 att H1N1 vaccines in BALB/c mice. Groups of 10 mice each were inoculated intranasally with 105 TCID50s of the recombinant virus. One group received PBS and served as a vaccine negative control. (A) Percentage of change in body weight as a measure of morbidity following intranasal inoculation of mice with either a ty/04 WT or a ty/04 att virus. Mice were weighed daily for 12 days. (B) Replication and tissue tropism of WT and att H1N1 viruses in the respiratory tracts of mice. At 3 dpi, three animals from each group were euthanized, and virus titers in the respiratory tract were determined by standard TCID50 in MDCK cells. Log10 titers for each group are plotted as means ± standard errors. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ns, not significant. (C, D, E, F, and G) Lung histopathology of mice inoculated with ty/04 WT or ty/04 att viruses at 3 dpi. A representative image from each treatment group is shown. (C) Lung of a control mouse showing normal bronchiole and alveoli. (D and E) Lungs from animals inoculated with NY 2:6 ty/04 att or NL 2:6 ty/04 att, respectively, are indistinguishable from those of mock-infected animals. (F) Lung of a mouse infected with the NL 2:6 ty/04 WT virus, showing moderate histopathological lesions, including necrotizing bronchiolitis, the presence of cell debris, and various degrees of hemorrhage. (G) Lung of a mouse infected with NL WT, displaying more-severe histopathology characterized by necrotizing bronchiolitis, the presence of cell debris and inflammatory infiltrates, hyperemia, and hemorrhage.