Abstract
Thyroid disease is common, affecting 1% to 2% of pregnant women. Pregnancy may modify the course of thyroid disease, and pregnancy outcomes can depend on optimal management of thyroid disorders. Consequently, obstetric providers must be familiar with thyroid physiology and management of thyroid diseases in pregnancy. Following a brief overview of physiology, this article provides an in-depth review of diagnosis and management of the spectrum of thyroid disease occurring in pregnancy. Recommendations for screening and treatment of hypo- and hyperthyroidism are summarized. Specific attention is given to the limitations of current research and the status of ongoing work.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Antithyroid Agents / adverse effects
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Antithyroid Agents / therapeutic use
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Female
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Graves Disease / diagnosis
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Graves Disease / physiopathology
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Graves Disease / therapy
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Humans
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Hyperthyroidism / diagnosis
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Hyperthyroidism / physiopathology
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Hyperthyroidism / therapy
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Hypothyroidism / diagnosis
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Hypothyroidism / physiopathology
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Hypothyroidism / therapy
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Iodine Radioisotopes / adverse effects
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Iodine Radioisotopes / therapeutic use
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Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
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Practice Guidelines as Topic
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Pregnancy
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Pregnancy Complications / diagnosis*
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Pregnancy Complications / therapy*
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Pregnancy Outcome
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Thyroid Crisis / diagnosis
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Thyroid Crisis / physiopathology
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Thyroid Crisis / therapy
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Thyroid Diseases / diagnosis*
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Thyroid Diseases / etiology
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Thyroid Diseases / therapy*
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Thyroid Function Tests
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Thyroid Gland / physiopathology
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Thyroid Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Thyroid Neoplasms / physiopathology
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Thyroid Neoplasms / therapy
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Thyroidectomy / adverse effects
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Thyroxine / administration & dosage
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Thyroxine / therapeutic use
Substances
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Antithyroid Agents
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Iodine Radioisotopes
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Thyroxine