Expression of Gpsm2 in the Mouse Inner Ear during Development
Expression of Gpsm2 transcript at ages e16.5, p0, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months, determined by quantitative real-time PCR (Applied Biosystems, TaqMan assay Mm00512842). Values represent mean ± standard deviation of samples run in triplicate. The experiment was repeated twice; a representative experiment is shown.

GPSM2 and Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss DFNB82 in Palestinian Family CG
(A) Family CG with inheritance of GPSM2 p.R127X and hearing loss (filled symbols).
(B) Hearing loss in members of family CG. The affected individuals are ages 12 (CG11), 14 (CG10), 21 (CG6), and 24 (CG7). For CG20, age 2, brainstem-evoked response tests showed no response for stimuli at 90 dB in either ear.
(C) Verification by Sanger sequencing of nonsense mutation c.875C>T (p.R127X) in GPSM2 (accession number NM_013296).
(D) Site on the GPSM2 protein of the p.R127X truncation (arrow). T1 to T7 indicate tetratricopeptide repeats; G1 to G4 indicate GoLoco motifs. The project was approved by the Human Subjects Committee of Bethlehem University and by the Human Subjects Division of the University of Washington.

Localization of Gpsm2 in the Mouse Inner Ear
(A and B) Schematic representation of the cochlea (A) and utricle (B), one of the vestibular organs. The inner and outer hair cells of the cochlea make up the sensory cells; they are embedded in nonsensory supporting cells, including the Deiters, pillar, and Hensen cells. The utricle also contains hair cells and supporting cells.
(C–J) Immunofluorescence images of the cochlea at e16.5 (C and D) and p0 (G and H) and of the utricle at e16.5 (F) and p0 (J). Gpsm2 (green) is localized at the apical surface of the hair and supporting cells, both in the cochlea and utricle and along the greater epithelial ridge (E and I) in e16.5 and p0 inner ears. In p0 cochlea, it is specifically localized at the lateral ridge of the hair cell surface. It is also localized in the pillar cells at this age. Hair cell cytoplasm is marked by myosin VI (red), and the nuclei are marked by DAPI (blue). Paraffin embedded sections were stained with primary antibodies goat anti-myosin VI (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and rabbit anti-Gpsm2 (ProteinTech; for validation of the antibody, see 12) and the fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibodies donkey anti-rabbit 488 (Molecular Probes) and donkey anti-goat cy3 (Sigma). Imaging was done with an LSM 510 confocal microscope (Zeiss). Scale bars represent 5 μm (C, E–G, I, and J), 2 μm (D), and 2.5 μm (H). All procedures involving animals met NIH guidelines and were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committees of Tel Aviv University and the University of Washington.