Evaluation of hypercalcemia in relation to hyperparathyroidism

Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2010 Apr;43(2):389-97, x. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2010.02.006.

Abstract

Hypercalcemia, which results from the rate of calcium influx into the extracellular fluid exceeding the rate of calcium efflux from the extracellular fluid, has been reported as occurring in approximately 1% to 4% of the adult population in general, and anywhere from 0.5% to 3% of hospitalized adult populations. Hypercalcemia associated with primary hyperparathyroidism has frequently resulted in the development of pancreatitis and peptic ulcer disease; however, the pathophysiologic mechanism of this association remains uncertain. This article examines the etiology and differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia, in particular regarding its association with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Calcium / blood
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Hypercalcemia / complications
  • Hypercalcemia / etiology*
  • Hypercalcemia / physiopathology
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / complications
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / diagnosis*
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / physiopathology
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / surgery
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / complications
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / diagnosis*
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / physiopathology
  • Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / surgery
  • Pancreatitis / etiology
  • Pancreatitis / physiopathology
  • Parathyroid Hormone / blood
  • Parathyroidectomy
  • Peptic Ulcer / etiology
  • Peptic Ulcer / physiopathology
  • Vitamin D / blood

Substances

  • Parathyroid Hormone
  • Vitamin D
  • Calcium