Drug-susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mpumalanga province, South Africa: possible guiding design of retreatment regimen

J Health Popul Nutr. 2010 Feb;28(1):7-13. doi: 10.3329/jhpn.v28i1.4518.

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been a cause of concern in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates (n=692) from Mpumalanga province was assessed. In total, 692 (64%) MTB strains from cases with pulmonary TB were tested for susceptibility against rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and streptomycin using the MGIT 960 instrument. Two hundred and nine (30.2%) strains were resistant to one or more drugs. Resistance to one drug ranged from 1.4% for ethambutol to 17.7% for rifampicin. The prevalence of MDR-TB ranged from 6.7% for three drugs to 34% for four drugs, with significant predictors being patients' age-groups of 25-54 years (p=0.0012) and >55 years (p=0.007). The result showed a high level (58.4%) of MDR-TB from cases in Mpumalanga province. To achieve a higher cure rate in this province, drug-susceptibility tests must be done for every case.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antibiotics, Antitubercular / administration & dosage
  • Antitubercular Agents / administration & dosage
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects
  • Ethambutol / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Isoniazid / administration & dosage
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / isolation & purification
  • Prevalence
  • Retreatment / methods
  • Rifampin / administration & dosage
  • Risk Factors
  • South Africa / epidemiology
  • Streptomycin / administration & dosage
  • Tuberculosis / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis / epidemiology
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / drug therapy*
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / epidemiology*
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / microbiology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antibiotics, Antitubercular
  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Ethambutol
  • Isoniazid
  • Rifampin
  • Streptomycin